This article focuses on using modal verbs and adjectives for certainty, probability, and deduction. “Deduction” means using the information available to make a guess or draw a conclusion about the facts, and depending on the
Modal verbs are used to express various meanings such as permission, obligation, and necessity. In addition, there are other related verbs that can be used for expressing these meanings such as had better, be able
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We use should, ought to, and had better to give advice, express opinions, to give warnings or to criticise someone. These verbs are similar in meaning, but there are some subtle differences.